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Delhi
I
Andhra
Pradesh
I
Arunachal
Pradesh
I
Assam
I
Bihar
I
Chhattisgarh
I
Goa |
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Gujarat
I Haryana I
Himachal
Pradesh
I
Jammu
&
Kashmir
I
Jharkhand
I
Kerala |
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Karnataka
I
Madhya
Pradesh
I
Maharashtra
I
Manipur
I
Meghalaya
I
Mizoram |
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Nagaland
I
Orissa
I
Punjab
I
Rajasthan
I
Sikkim
I
Tamil
Nadu |
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Uttar
Pradesh
I
Uttaranchal
I
West
Bengal |
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 Location
-
Strategically
located,
the
State
of
Jammu
and
Kashmir
constitutes
the
northern
most
extremity
of
India.
Situated
between
32.17
degree
and
36.58
degree
north
latitude
and
37.26
degree
and
80.30
degree
east
longitude,
the
total
area
of
the
State
is
2,222,236
sq.
kms
including
78,114
sq
kms
under
the
illegal
occupation
of
Pakistan
and
42,685
sq
kms
under
that
of
China,
of
which
Pakistan
illegally
handed
over
5,130
sq
kms
to
China.
The
State
is
bounded
by
Pakistan,
Afghanistan
and
China
from
the
West
to
the
East. |
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The
State
is
well
connected
with
rest
of
the
country
by
air,
rail
and
road.
The
Indian
Airlines
and
private
airlines
operate
regular
flights
to
Srinagar,
Jammu
and
Leh. |
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The
National
Highway
1-A
connects
the
capital
cities
of
Srinagar
and
Jammu
with
rest
of
the
country.
There
are
daily
passenger
trains
connecting
Jammu
with
most
of
the
major
cities
of
the
country. |
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The
State
ranks
6th
in
area
and
17th
in
population
among
the
States
and
Union
Territories
of
India.
The
State
consists
of
14
districts,
59
tehsils,
119
blocks,
3
municipalities,
54
towns
and
notified
area
committee,
6,477
inhabited
villages
and
281
uninhabited
villages. |
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It
has
four
geographical
zones
of
- Sub-mountain and semi-mountain plain known as kandi or dry belt,
- The Shivalak ranges,
- The high mountain zone constituting the Kashmir Valley, Pir Panjal range
and
its
off-shoots
including
Doda,
Poonch
and
Rajouri
districts
and
part
of
Kathua
and
Udhampur
districts.
- The middle run of the Indus river comprising Leh and Kargil.
The
State
of
Jammu
and
Kashmir
is
the
northern
most
state
of
India
comprising
three
distinct
Climatic
regions
viz.
Arctic
cold
desert
areas
of
Ladakh,
temperate
Kashmir
valley
and
sub-tropical
region
of
Jammu.
There
is a
sharp
rise
of
altitude
from
1,000
feet
to
28,250
feet
above
the
sea
level
within
State's
four
degree
of
latitude.
The
climate
varies
from
tropical
in
Jammu
plains
to
semi-arctic
cold
in
Ladakh
with
Kashmir
and
Jammu
mountainous
tracts
having
temprate
climatic
conditions.
The
annual
rainfall
also
varies
from
region
to
region
with
92.6
mm
in
Leh,
650.5
mm
in
Srinagar
and
1115.9
mm
in
Jammu.
A
large
part
of
the
State
forms
part
of
the
Himalayan
Mountains.
The
State
is
geologically
constituted
of
rocks
varying
from
the
oldest
period
of
the
earth's
history
to
the
youngest
present
day
river
and
lake
deposits. |
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Kashmir
abounds
in
rich
flora.
The
Valley,
which
has
been
described
as
the
'Paradise
on
Earth,'
is
full
of
many
hues
of
flora
and
fauna.
The
most
magnificent
of
the
Kashmir
trees
is
the
Chinar
found
throughout
the
valley.
It
grows
to
giant
size
and
girth.
The
tree
presents
itself
in
various
enchanting
colours
through
the
cycle
of
the
seasons
among
which
its
autumnal
look
is
breath-taking.
Mountain
ranges
in
the
Valley
have
dense
deodar,
pine
and
fir.
Walnut,
willow,
almond
and
cider
also
add
to
the
rich
flora
of
Kashmir. |
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The
dense
forests
of
Kashmir
are
a
delight
to
the
sport-lovers
and
adventures
for
whom
there
are
Ibex,
Snow
Leopard,
Musk
deer,
wolf,
Markhor,
Red
bear,
Black
bear
and
Leopard.
The
birds
include
ducks,
goose,
partridge,
chakor,
pheasant,
wagtails,
herons,
water
pigeons,
warblers,
and
doves.
In
the
otherwise
arid
desert
of
Ladakh
some
240
species
of
local
and
migratory
birds
have
been
identified
including
black-necked
crane. |
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The
Ladakh
fauna
includes
yak,
Himalayan
Ibex,
Tibetan
antelope,
snow
leopard,
wild
ass,
red
bear
and
gazelle. |
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A
major
portion
of
J&K
State
consists
of
the
western
Himalayas,
which
besides
many
lofty
mountain
ranges
with
varying
heights
of
3,000
to
6,000
metres
and
above,
also
abound
in
rivers,
lakes,
passes,
glaciers,
plateaus
and
plains.
The
number
of
streams,
brooks,
hill
torrents
and
rivers
is
also
fairly
large.
The
most
important
rivers
are
the
Indus,
Chenab,
Jhelum
and
Ravi. |
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